Sap Abap Hr Interview Questions & Answers

Question 1. What Is The Difference Between Abap And Hr Abap?

Answer :

• ABAP – It is a programming language used in all the modules of SAP like MM/SD/FI … even HR
• ABAP-HR – It is an extension used to program the logic in HR module extensively. The logic/pattern used to write code in HR is different than in normal ABAP, as it uses LDBs,Macros and Many FM to retrieve the data rather using SELECT queries as in ABAP.

Question 2. What Is Logical Data Base?

Answer :

Logical data bases are special programs used to read the data and make it available in the programs. Other than retrieving the data authorization checks are handled, can be able to retrieve data from multiple tables. Specify LDB in the program attributes and use the GET event to retrieve the data. One best use is there will be a default selection  screen.

Question 3. What Are Logical Data Bases Used In Hr Module?

Answer :

PNP, PNPCE, PAP, PCH …

Question 4. What Is The Difference Between Pnp And Pnpce?

Answer :

• PNP is old LDB used to retrieve the data for HR Master Data.
• PNPCE is also used for Master Data but it is capable for Concurrent Employees.

Question 5. Explain Get Pernr Concept When We Use Logical Data Base?

Answer :

You need to use LDB PNP to use the GET PERNR event, once GET PERNR event triggers all the Infotypes declared by using INFOTYPES statement will be fetched data to the respective internal tables. If you specify Infotypes by INFOTYPES statement then internal tables are created with Pnnnn structure. 

Ex:- INFOTYPES: 0001, 0002, 0006.

Internal tables p0001, p0002, p0003 are created and can be used in the program. 

Question 6. Explain The Program Flow When We Use Logical Database Pnp Or Pnpce?

Answer :

If you use any of the LDBs, the program flow is as below

Report XXXXXX.
Data declaration
START_OF_SELECTION.
GET PERNR.
retrieve the data from internal tables to output internal tables
END_OF_SELECTION.
Display the data retrieved above.
From GET PERNR to END_OF_SELECTION ; it will loop with the employee numbers
selected from the selection screen.

Question 7. What Are The Program Names For Logical Database Pnp And Pnpce?

Answer :

SAPDBPNP and SAPDBPNPCE 

Question 8. What Is Infotype And How It Is Different From Tables?

Answer :

Infotypes is special way to store the HR data rather than using standard tables.

Infotypes will have three structures PAKEY, PSHD1, PSnnnn [ nnnn is Infotype number]. PAKEY(Key fields) and PSHD1(Control Fields) is same for all the Infotypes. Fields in the PSnnnn structure depends on the Infotype uses, like 0000- Actions will the fields specific to action of an employee 0002-Personal Data will have fields specific to the personal data fields(name, DOB, etc..) of an employee.

Question 9. What Is Pakey Structure, Pshd1 Structure And What Type Of Fields It Contains?

Answer :

PAKEY is the key field’s structure and it is same for all the PA Infotypes. It has different fields as below

PERNR – Employee Number

SUBTY – Subtypes are subdivisions of Infotypes.

OBJPS –The object identification indicator is used to differentiate records with the same

Infotype, subtype, lock indicator, valid from date, and valid to date. For example: Child  number in Infotype 0021 Family Member/Dependents.

SPRPS – The lock indicator for HR master data can be used to lock and unlock data records. It can be used to guarantee double control, that is, at least two users are involved in writing an active data record to the database. One of the users creates a locked infotype record. Another user unlocks this record by activating it.

ENDDA – Valid to date

BEGDA – Valid from date

SEQNR –The sequential number differentiates Infotype records with the same key and the time constraint ’3′. Unlike the personnel object identification, it is automatically assigned by the system.

PSHD1 is another basic structure that is the same for all Personnel Administration Infotypes. It includes the date the record was changed (AEDTM), the name of the person making the change (UNAME), and information on whether the administrator created plain text for this infotype (ITXEX).

Question 10. Why Do We Require Infotypes For Hr Module?

Answer :

As all other modules uses standard SAP tables concept to store the data. HR module uses the new and different concept to store the data i.e., Infotypes. Data is scattered b/n Infotypes by depending above the type of data and this makes to easily access similar data of all employees at one stretch by minimizing the retrieval time. As HR data is totally time dependant and have more number records to save and retrieve for a particular purpose.

Question 11. What Are The Transaction Codes To Create The Infotypes?

Answer :

PM01

Question 12. What Is The Process To Enhance The Infotype?

Answer :

Go to PM01, enhance IT tab and provide the Infotype number for which you require to enhance, click on create all button(you can create individually structure, module pool program also). It will take you to the CI_nnnn structure, provide the fields you want to add – activate.

Question 13. Importance Of Pa20, Pa30 And Pa40?

Answer :

• PA20 – Display HR Master Data
• PA30 – Maintain HR Master Data
• PA40 – Personnel Actions

Question 14. How Can We Decide Whether We Can Enhance The Standard Infotype Or Not?

Answer :

You can enhance all the Infotypes provide CI_nnnn is there in the structure.

Question 15. What Is Ps Structure?

Answer :

PS Structures have basic data fields of an employee in every Infotype. These data fields will vary for every Infotype and included in respective Infotype to hold the data.

• Infotype 0002 – PS0002 will have personal data fields 
• Infotype 0008 – PS0008 will have pay related data fields etc…

Question 16. What Are The Payroll Related Infotypes?

Answer :

The basic Infotypes used for payroll are 0, 1, 3, 7, 8, 9, 580, 591, 45, 41, 57, 267 and others.

Question 17. What Are The Time Related Infotypes?

Answer :

All the 2 series Infotypes.

Question 18. What Are The Personnel Administration Related Infotypes?

Answer :

All Infotypes 0000 to 0999

Question 19. What Are The Organizational Related Infotypes?

Answer :

1000 to 1999 Infotypes

Question 20. What Is Macro?

Answer :

Macro is a set of reusable statements which can be used several times in programs.

Question 21. What Is Pnp-sw-found?

Answer :

PNP-SW-FOUND will be 1 if the macros rp_provide_from_last or first is successful else it will be initial.

Question 22. What Is The Difference Between Select Statements And Provide Statement?

Answer :

• SELECT statements are used to fetch the data from DATABASE tables.
• PROVIDE is used to fetch the data from Internal Tables (multiple IT by joining).

Question 23. Which Function Module Reads The Data For Particular Infotype?

Answer :

• HR_READ_INFOTYPE – to retrieve data from PA tables
• RH_READ_INFTY – to retrieve data from OM Infotypes

Question 24. What Is Repetitive Structure And For Which Infotype Do We Have?

Answer :

Repetitive structure is same sequence for fields varying by numeric digits. We do have repetitive structure in IT 8 [Basic Pay] and IT 41[Date Specifications].

To retrieve the data from repetitive structures we use DO… VARYING command as below

DATA: BEGIN OF WAGETYPES,
LGA LIKE P0008-LGA01,
BET LIKE P0008-BET01,
ANZ LIKE P0008-ANZ01,
EIN LIKE P0008-EIN01,
OPK LIKE P0008-OPK01,
END OF WAGETYPES.
GET PERNR.
RP_PROVIDE_FROM_LAST P0008 SPACE PN-BEGDA PN-ENDDA.
DO 20 TIMES VARYING WAGETYPES
FROM P0008-LGA01
NEXT P0008-LGA02.
IF WAGETYPES-LGA IS INITIAL.
EXIT.
ELSE.
WRITE: / WAGETYPES-LGA, WAGETYPES-BET.
ENDIF.
ENDDO