Physiotherapy Interview Questions & Answers

Question 1. Explain What Is The Use Of Electrotherapy?

Answer :

Electrotherapy is the use of electrical energy for medical purposes and to relieve the patient from pain. Electrical stimulation can directly block transmission of pain signals along nerves. It also stimulates natural painkiller in our body like endorphins.

Question 2. Explain What Is Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy?

Answer :

Musculoskeletal therapy is the treatment of muscle and joints conditions. The therapist will diagnose, gives treatment and prevent muscle and joint complications, especially a spinal conditions which are responsible for neck and back pain.

Question 3. Explain What Is Nerve Pain? What Are The Symptoms Of Nerve Pain?

Answer :

Nerve pain is caused by damage nerves that often happens when you met with some accident or disease. It is also referred as neuralgia or neuropathic. Such pain is different in their effect, and it can start anywhere in the body. The pain is often like stabbing, shooting, burning, aching, burning or electric shock.

Question 4. Explain What Are The Responsibilities Of Physical Therapist?

Answer :

• Patient Assessment
• Formulate patient care plan
• Execute patient care plan
• Keep records
• Train and Supervise Aides

Question 5. What Are The Areas Where Physical Therapist Are Expert?

Answer :

• Neck and back pain
• Wound care
• Problems due to cancer
• Treatment for older or children
• Cardiac rehabilitation
• Sports related injury and complications
• Respiratory problems
• Arthritis
• Muscular aches

Question 6. List Out Some Of The Conventional Equipment Used By Physical Therapist To Treat A Patient?

Answer :

Conventional equipment used by physical therapist are:

• Ramps
• Exercise balls
• Resistance exercise bands
• Posture Mirror

Question 7. What Are The Techniques Used By Physiotherapy?

Answer :

Techniques used are:

Hands on Techniques: In this technique hands are used for many purposes like joint manipulation with gentle gliding, muscle stretches, massage and taping techniques.

Exercise Prescription: A planned exercise suggested by physical therapist, is the most common technique used for pain relief and to recover from accidental internal injury.

Biomechanical Analysis: Your physiotherapist can save you from fatal injuries while practicing any sports or sports training by educating you about what not to do by doing bio-mechanical analysis.

Question 8. List Out Some Common Causes Of Nerve Pain?

Answer :

Common cause of Nerve Pain is:

• Shingles (Viral Infection)
• Trigeminal Neuralgia
• Diabetic Neuropathy
• Multiple Sclerosis
• Chemotherapy
• HIV infection
• Alcoholism and other nerve disorder
• Cancer

Question 9. Explain How Does Kinesiology Tape Reduce Swelling?

Answer :

When you apply kinesiology tape over an inflamed area, the stretch in the tape gently lifts the skin, creating a space between the skin and the tissue below. This will create a negative pressure, allowing lymphatic vessel and blood vessels to dilate (open) increasing the circulation of both fluids. When lymphatic vessel opens it will drain out the liquid accumulated at the inflamed area, which reduces swelling and relieves the person from pain. This tape does not contain any drug or pain killer in it.

Question 10. Explain What Is Lymphatic Drainage?

Answer :

Lymphatic drainage is the delicate form of massage, where you do gentle massage on the body, which stimulates the body lymphatic system. It will improve the metabolism, helping the body to eliminate waste and toxin and boost the immune system at the same time. It is also helpful in relieving pain and reducing puffiness.

Question 11. Explain What Is Tens Machine?

Answer :

A TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) machine are electronic medical devices, which can help person to relieve from short term pain. It functions by stimulating nerves via electrical current.

Question 12. What Is The Treatment Of Arthritis?

Answer :

• Protect your joints: Do not lift any heavy weight which can exert pressure on your knees and joints
• Do exercise: Under physician supervision or as guided by them you can do light exercise at small interval
• Lose weight: lose excess weight
• Bone up: Eat food that is rich in calcium or can take a calcium supplement as directed by physician. For a diabetic, blood pressure or heart patient, they have to take advice from a physician for the calcium supplement as it might interact with other medication.
• Take the medication as prescribed: Don’t stop any medication by your own without consulting physician, if you are not finding medication of any use.
• Apply warm water: Apply warm water pads it will help to relieve muscle tension and ease aching joints.
• Stretch your legs: Small stretching exercise will make muscle ligament strong and stop muscles from wear and tear.
• Apply Ice: When joints are inflamed and hot, try putting ice pack on it, it will reduce the swelling on it and pain by constricting blood vessels.
• Eat healthy: Eat healthy food rich in minerals, nutrients and proteins. It will cover the quota you required to function your body metabolic activities.

Question 13. How Physical Therapist Treat Back Pain?

Answer :

Physical therapist usually follows two approaches to treat patient with back pain.

a) Passive physical therapy

• Heat or Ice packs
• TENS units
• Ultrasound
• Iontophoresis

b) Active physical therapy

• Back strengthening exercise
• Low impact aerobic exercise
• Stretching exercises for back pain

Question 14. Mention What Are The Taping Technique Used In Physical Therapy?

Answer :

The various technique of taping includes:

• ACL Taping: For stability
• Hip Taping: For hip treatment
• Mulligan Taping techniques: To treat Tennis Elbow
• Mulligan Taping Technique: To treat inverse ankle sprain

Apart from this taping, it can also be applied to various part of the body.

Question 15. Explain What Is Itb (iliotibial Band) Syndrome?

Answer :

The Iliotibial band syndrome is a pain caused in the knee due to the overuse of a long tendon, which connects bones to the muscles in the knee. The pain usually occurs in the outside of the knee just above the knee. This syndrome is often observer in cyclists, runners and athletes.

Question 16. Explain How Itb Syndrome Is Treated?

Answer :

ITB syndrome is cured with simple exercise and stretches, physiotherapy can use the following approach to cure the patient with ITB syndrome

• By treating the knee and the affected area with heat, ice and ultrasound
• By adjusting your routine like shortening the distance of your running or cycling, not overdoing things or restrict some positions that can put stress on knee areas.
• Choosing correct exercise for strengthening muscles
• Using techniques like ultrasound and friction massage to reduce inflammation on the knees
• Surgery is rarely needed to cure ITB problems

Question 17. What Types Of Treatment Do Gynecology Physiotherapy Includes?

Answer :

The types of treatment that Gynecology Physiotherapy includes:

• Antenatal Physiotherapy
• Post Natal Physiotherapy
• Stress Urinary Incontinence

Question 18. Explain What Is The Difference Between Chiropractic, Physiotherapy And Osteopathy?

Answer :

Chiropractic: It is primarily focused on the manipulation of the spine to improve the general health of muscles and bones.

Osteopathy: It deals with musculo-skeletal system and is concerned with the structure that may be affected by the poor health of these systems.

Physiotherapy: It is more wide and deals with any complication with injuries to musculo -skeletal system.

Question 19. Explain How Taping Can Be Helpful In Treating Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome?

Answer :

It is observed that when patient is not given a tailored set of exercise and instead follows the generic exercise it fails to tread Patellofemoral pain. Apart from a controlled exercise, taping can also be used to cure Patellofemoral pain. It relieves pain and improves contractile ability of the quadriceps.

Question 20. What Complication Occurs When A Patient Has An Adverse Neural Tension?

Answer :

The complication arises due to adverse neural tension are:

• Sciatica
• Back pain
• Neck pain
• Shoulder pain
• Carpal tunnel syndrome
• Tennis elbow
• Pinched nerve

Question 21. Describe A Human Skeleton?

Answer :

Our body has a supporting frame work made of bones. This frame work is known as skeleton. It is the skeleton which gives the body its firmness. Without- the skeleton our body will be as supple as that of a worm. There is another great advantage of the skeleton. It protects some of the most delicate parts of the human body form external injury. Thus the brain is kept safe in a bony box. This box safeguards the heart and the lungs. Also by its very nature of formation, it helps body movement with the help of muscles attached to it. The main parts of the skeleton are the skull and the spinal column.

Question 22. Explain Gliding Joint?

Answer :

An example of this kind of joint is the movement of the wrist. At the wrist there are a number of small boned which glide one over the other, when we turn our palm upwards or downwards.

Question 23. Explain Ball And Socket Joint?

Answer :

When a part is capable of making an all round movement up and down and sideways- this is possible by a joint of this kind. The leg can be moved in any direction, sideways, up and down.

Question 24. Describe The Functions Of Joints And Human Skeleton?

Answer :

The place of attachment between two or more bones is known as a joint. All the joints of the body are capable of movement except for the joints of the bones of cranium, which houses the brain. 

There are various kinds of movable joints depending upon the movements they perform. Thus the knee joint is like a hinge, which allows the lower keg to move up or down, but not sideways. Following are different kinds of joints

1. Hinge-joint
2. Pivot-joint
3. Ball and socket joint
4. Gliding joint

Hinge- joint :-This allows the movement of the part of body in one direction ?up or sown but not sideways. Example of this joint are knee-joint, elbow-joint, movement of the lower jaw.

Pivot joint :-As the name suggests, this kind of joint permits pivotal movement of the parts of body this joined. Movement of the skull is an example. A man can turn his head from one side to the other by rotating the skull, which is joined to the backbone at its top in such a way that a pivotal movements is possible.

Question 25. The Most Important Functions Of The Skin Are?

Answer :

(1) To regulate body temperature. The skin which is exposed to the cooling action of the air outside, plays an important part in regulating the loss of heat and maintaining uniform temperature of body. This is dine by the mechanism if dilation and contraction of superficial blood vessels and by the evaporation of water from the body surface. In fact this function if the skin can be compared to that of the radiator of a car.

(2)To act as a sense organ. Pain heat, pressure, cold, touch, etc.. are all felt by the skin and conveyed to the brain

(3)To protect internal organs against external injury and infection. Many an injury is limited to the skin. But for skin, our bones would be cracking too often. In fact this function of the skin can be compared to that of the radiator of a car.

(4)To eliminate waste products through sweat glands

(5)To protect the body form harmful rays of the sun by means of pigments of the outer skin.

Question 26. What Is Write A Short Note On The Human Skin. Describe Its Functions?

Answer :

Skin plays an important part in a mans life. It makes his appearance attractive. He gets a distinctive appearance because of his skin. There are race conflicts because of the colour of the skin.

There covering if the human body. Is known as the skin. Two layers of akin cover the body. The lower layer known as dermis is made up of fibrous tissues having blood vessels , glands, hair follicles, sweat glands, etc.

It is very essential that the skin is kept clean. Dust and dirt collect on the skin and become mixed with salts and the scales of the outer skin. They thus from fertile soil for the growth of germs.

Question 27. What Is Lungs?

Answer :

Lungs are the principal organs of respiration. Ty lie in thoracic cavity. Right lung is 3-lobed and left lung two-lobed. The cone shaped space between two lungs is called mediastinum. Each lung is covered by a two-layered membrane. Its outer membrane is called parietal pleura and inner visceral pleura. The space between these two membranes is called pleural cavity which is filed with a serous fluid. This fluid lubricates the lungs and protects them from friction.

Question 28. What Is Bronchi?

Answer :

Each bronchus enters the lungs of its side. The right bronchus gives up four branches while the left has two. Inside each lung these branches go on ramifying till a bronchial tree is formed. The terminal bronchioles open into a space called vestibule which gives rise to one to three respiratory bronchioles. The wall of respiratory bronchioles form thin walled sac-like alveoli.

Question 29. What Is Trachea?

Answer :

The wind pipe, trachea is 10-12 cm long and 2.5 compound in diameter. Entering into thoracic cavity trachea divides into the right and left bronchi. The trachea is supported by C-shaped cartilages.

Question 30. What Is The Larynx And Vocal Cords?

Answer :

It is the anterior enlarged part of the wind pipe, made of cartilage i.e. thyroid, cricoids. Arytenoids, etc. the enlarged thyroid cartilage is called Adam's apple. A cartilaginous muscular flap, the epiglottis is attached to the top of the thyroid cartilage. It can close the glottis while swallowing food. Vocal cords are stretched between thyroid and arytenoids cartilages. Vibrations of vocal cords produce sound. Rima glottidis is the opening between the cords.

Question 31. What Is Pharynx?

Answer :

Pharynx is a common passage for air and food. The pharynx is divisible into naso-pharynx, oropharynx and laryngeal pharynx.

Question 32. What Is The Nostril?

Answer :

Present inside the nose and above the mouth it is regionated anteroposteriorly into vestibule, respiratory channel and olfactory organs. A cartilaginous nasal septum divides the vestibule into two lateral halves. The respiratory channel passes through scroll-like turbinal bones and passes by olfactory region into pharynx through a pair of posterior nare. 

It performs
(i) filtration,
(ii) air-conditioning and
(iii) warming.

Question 33. But What Happens To The Carbon Dioxide?

Answer :

It goes through the lungs, back up your windpipe and out with every exhale. It's a remarkable feat, this chemical exchange and breathing in and out. You don't have to tell your lungs to keep working. Your brain does it automatically for you. 

Factoids 

Your lungs contain almost 1500 miles of airways and over 300 million alveoli. Every minute you breathe in 13 pints of air. Plants are our partners in breathing. We breathe in air, use the oxygen in it, and release carbon dioxide. Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen. Thank goodness! 

People tend to get more colds in the winter because we're indoors more often and in close proximity to other people. When people sneeze, cough and even breathe -- germs go flying!

Question 34. How Does This Exchange Work?

Answer :

With the help of the red blood cells in your bloodstream. Your red blood cells are like box cars on train tracks. They show up at the sacs at just the right time, ready to trade in old carbon dioxide that your body's cells have made for some new oxygen you've just breathed in. In the process, these red blood cells turn from purple to that beautiful red color as they start carrying the oxygen to all the cells in your body.

Question 35. What Do These Sacs Do?

Answer :

They help perform an incredible magic act. Your air sacs bring new oxygen from air you've breathed to your bloodstream. They exchange it for waste products, like carbon dioxide, which the cells in your body have made and can't use.

Question 36. Why Do We Need To Breathe?

Answer :

All the cells in your body require oxygen. Without it, they couldn't move, build, reproduce, and turn food into energy. In fact, without oxygen, they and you would die! How do you get oxygen? From breathing in air which your blood  circulates to all parts of the body.

Question 37. How Does The Respiratory System In Man Work?

Answer :

A man can live without food for a few days, but without air he cannot live even for five minutes. The moment he is born he begins to breathe will continue to breath till he is alive. During the process of breathing he draws some are into his body and expels some. If this supply if air is cut off, he is suffocated and dies.

The air we breathe in is taken into the lungs through the wind pipe. The lunge are situated in the chest-one in each side of the body. The air we breath in contains oxygen to the extent of one-fifth of the volume of air. The oxygen is dissolved in the blood and is carried to all parts of the body. The oxygen combines with the tissues and sets free the energy contained in them. The combination of oxygen with a substance is known as the process of oxidation, combustion or burning is going on in the human body every moment of the life of a man-whether he is awake or asleep. Heat is, of course, generated, but there is no fire.

The whole system of respiration can be summarized as follows : 

(1) Pure blood received from the lungs is pumped by the heart into the large arteries. 

(2) Veins bring impure blood from various parts of the body and pour it into the heart.

(3) The heart pumps it out into the lungs for purification. Thus a cycle is formed and the process is automatic. Lungs are the most important part of this system, because it is they that purify the impure blood and discharge waste products like carbon dioxide. 

The other parts of the respiratory system are :

(a) the nose.
(b) The upper part of the wind-pipe which is modified into the voice box known as larynx.
(c) The wind-pipe.
(d) The lungs.

Question 38. How To Get Full Range Of Movement For Pa Shoulder With Full Restricted Movement?

Answer :

There are several methods to increase ROM like; massage, manual therapeutic techniques, Passive movts, And, very important is: whatever the movt is achieved by the patient, ask him/her to do free pendular exercises.

Question 39. What Are The Examples Of Isometric Exercises?

Answer :

Put both hands together be hide back head and push both hands forward at the same time when pushing head backward. This exercise increases strength at upper back muscle. Very useful exercise for people who have problem at cervical spine.

Question 40. Explain Muscles And Their Functions In The Human Body?

Answer :

Muscles are what we usually call flesh. They have the power of contraction and consequently of expansion also. When a muscle contracts, it becomes shorter and thicker like a piece of India- rubber- its two ends coming neater each other. Source of supply of energy to the muscle is the combustion of the glucose supply to the muscle to the muscle by blood and oxygen it carries with it.

There are two types of muscles

(a) Voluntary, and
(b) Involuntary.

Voluntary:- Voluntary muscles are those with we can contract whenever we wish it which we move at will. These ate joined to the bones at either end by chords. When a muscle of this kind contracts, it pulls one of the bones towards the other. Since a muscle cannot push , an opposing muscle brings the bent bone in the straight position.

Involuntary muscles :- Involuntary muscles are not connected with any bones and we have no control over them. The heart, the blood vessels, hair follicles the interior of the eye, alimentary canal, bladder and uterus, the respiratory organs inside the body al these are covered by these muscles. They do their work not under the command of man: hence they are involuntary muscles.